Daughter cells are exact copies of one another. Spindle fibers are still present after telophase I. Similarly, the genetic material from the parent cell is transferred to the daughter cells. Telophase II is quite similar to telophase in mitosis. During this stage, the nuclear membrane is reformed.Ĭytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, occurs simultaneously with telophase.Īt the end of telophase I, each resulting daughter cell bears a haploid set of chromosomes. Telophase is where the complete transfer of genetic material from the parent cell to the daughter cells occurs. On the other hand, (single-stranded) chromosomes are the ones being segregated during anaphase II. The mitotic spindle initiates this activity.ĭuring anaphase I, (double-stranded) chromosomes are separated toward each cellular pole. During metaphase I, homologous chromosomes begin aligning at the equatorial plate as they bind to the mitotic spindle.ĭuring metaphase II, single chromosomes align at the equatorial plate after each cell forms the spindle fibers.ĭuring this stage, each (single-stranded) chromosome pair is segregated toward the opposite poles of the cell. Metaphase I and II of meiosis are quite similar to mitotic metaphase. This event is due to the presence of kinetochore microtubules that pull these chromosomes back and forth. During crossing over, the chromosomes of each pair are exchanged among each other.ĭuring metaphase, the chromosomes align at the equatorial plate of the cell. The Bouquet stage is where animal and plant chromosomes converge toward one side of the cell. Again, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, and the chromatin condenses. Prophase II will begin without undergoing interphase. The homologous chromosomes that make up tetrads are not genetically identical because they came from two parents. Prophase I in particular is composed of five stages: leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.ĭuring prophase I, homologous chromosomes form a tetrad that is composed of four chromatids. Prophase in meiosis is relatively longer than that of mitosis. The mitotic cell undergoes prophase only once. No interphase will happen before meiosis II.Īfter interphase, the cell proceeds to prophase, where the nuclear membrane disintegrates and the chromatin condenses to form the chromosomes. It is only during the reproduction process that such a diploid state is restored in the offspring.īefore undergoing the four phases, the cell first needs to grow and replicate its chromosomes in a preliminary stage called interphase.Ī sex cell will only undergo interphase once. The chromosome number of the resulting daughter cells is reduced by half (becomes haploid, n). The resulting daughter cells are genetically the same because no recombination occurred during the process.įour. Two divisions results to haploid (n) offspring Only one division results to diploid (2n) offspring Meiosis I and II have the same phases as mitosis, only different in some events. Meiosis is quite long as it involves two successive divisions that result in a reduction in chromosome number.īasically, it is divided into two: meiosis I and meiosis II. Mitosis involves only one cell division that is composed of four major phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In plants, sex cells are located in the pollen in the stamen and egg cells in the pistil. In animals like humans, meiosis takes place in male sperm cells and female egg cells to prepare them for sexual reproduction. Sexual division Meiosis occurs in sex cells or gametes. Somatic cells include muscle cells, bone cells, skin cells, nerve cells, etc. Somatic cells (or vegetative cells) are cells that make up the bodies of living organisms, other than the sex cells. Type of cell division and occurs in what type of cellsĪsexual division Mitosis occurs in somatic cells. Cell Division / Cellular Division/ Duplication Division/ Equational Division
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |